Model of Women’s Empowerment for Promotion to Managerial Positions in the Ministry of Energy

Sara  Sazwar; Seyed Hamed Hashemi; Mohammad  Faizi Zangir

Authors

Sara Sazwar PhD Student, Department of Public Administration, As.C., Islamic Azad University, Astara, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9230-901X
Seyed Hamed Hashemi Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3380-9848
Mohammad Faizi Zangir Department of Public Administration, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4177-6435

Keywords:

Empowerment, Managerial Positions, Ministry of Energy

Abstract

The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a model for women’s empowerment for promotion to managerial positions. In terms of implementation method and data collection, this research is qualitative in nature. A thematic qualitative approach was employed to design the model. To determine the validity of the model dimensions, the Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Content Validity Index (CVI), and Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) were utilized. The statistical population consisted of managers of the Ministry of Energy and university professors across the country as experts in the field. Purposive sampling using the snowball technique was applied in accordance with the research topic, and theoretical saturation was achieved after conducting interviews with 10 experts. The findings of the study led to the identification of 23 main themes and 104 basic themes categorized into five overarching dimensions: (1) women’s competencies, including individual capabilities, women’s social competence, professional efficacy, and work ethics; (2) organizational variables, including feminine management style, social culture, organizational success, self-leadership, and information technology; (3) managerial functions, including accountability, organizational justice, managerial support, professional development, and women’s succession planning; (4) gender stereotypes, including women’s credibility, gender segregation, feminine leadership style, attention to women’s work, and elimination of gender discrimination; and (5) psychological characteristics, including self-esteem, motivation, psychological well-being, and communication skills. Finally, practical recommendations were presented.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] S. E. Lee, "Gender, Empowerment, and Performance in U.S. Federal Agencies: The Role of Women’s Leadership Representation," Public Personnel Management, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 447-478, 2025, doi: 10.1177/00910260251318515.

[2] M. Bostani, G. Tabarsa, A. Rezaian, and A. Hadizadeh, "Designing and explaining the model for developing women's managerial capabilities in government organizations," Strategic Management Studies Quarterly, vol. 13, no. 51, pp. 105-125, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ensani.ir/fa/article/528668/.

[3] M. Samadi, M. Mohammadi, H. Rezaei Far, and H. Hakimpour, "Presenting the model of managerial competencies of women in the industry (case study: Sabah Food Company)," Journal of value creating in Business Management, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 458-482, 2024, doi: 10.22034/jvcbm.2024.428221.1258.

[4] S. Bhattarai and S. Bishwas, "A Nepal Demographic Health Survey Findings on Status of Women Empowerment Using Indicator as Employment Status in Nepal," 2024, doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4275392/v1.

[5] N. K. Mandal, "Women’s Empowerment and Financial Inclusion in India: 2006-2019," pp. 104-116, 2024, doi: 10.52756/bhstiid.2024.e01.007.

[6] H. Weliangan, A. N. Ardradhika, and N. Huda, "The Influence of Psychological Empowerment and Self-Compassion on Resilience in Women With Dual Roles," Bulletin of Counseling and Psychotherapy, vol. 6, no. 2, 2024, doi: 10.51214/00202406955000.

[7] N. Vejdani, H. Ahmadian, Y. Yārahmadi, and Q. Karimi, "Comparison of the Effectiveness of an Empowerment-Based Educational Program and Emotion-Focused Therapy on Resilience and Emotion Regulation in Women Experiencing Domestic Violence," Injoeacs, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 67-80, 2025, doi: 10.61838/kman.ijecs.6.1.7.

[8] A. V. Desai, Transforming Freedom into Women's Empowerment Through Logotherapy: An Overview Empowering Indian Women Through Resilience: Recent Developments and Future Perspective. 2025, pp. 45-68.

[9] L. Keya, E. Jemutai, and A. Makori, "Financial Availability and Its Influence on Women’s Economic Empowerment in Kakamega County, Kenya," International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 672-688, 2025, doi: 10.51244/ijrsi.2025.120800054.

[10] S. D. Vashanth and C. Sengottuvel, "Exploring the Transformative Role of Micro Credit Services in Advancing Economic and Social Empowerment Among Women Through Self-Help Groups in the Banking Sector Context," Bm, 2025, doi: 10.53555/bm.v11i4.6448.

[11] S. R. Choudhury and A. Pal, "Women Empowerment Through Self-Help Group Model: A Survey Based Study on South 24 Parganas Region, West Bengal," Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 37-40, 2025, doi: 10.35629/9467-13043740.

[12] A. Sarawagi and M. S. Singh, "Mechanisms and Impact of Self-Help Groups on the Socio-Economic Empowerment of Tribal Women in Uttar Pradesh," pp. 30-42, 2025, doi: 10.58532/nbennursech4.

[13] K. Paracha and A. Khalid, "Inclusiveness of Women's Empowerment in Muslim Societies," Islamic Studies, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 275-288, 2023, doi: 10.52541/isiri.v62i2.2362.

[14] J. A. Kilgallen et al., "“You Are Married by the Woman”: Divergent Understandings of Men’s Support for Women’s Empowerment in Northwestern Tanzania," Men and Masculinities, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 306-327, 2025, doi: 10.1177/1097184x251326192.

[15] C. Sołek-Borowska and J. Tabor-Błażewicz, "Motives and Strategies of Women Pursuing Careers in IT and HR Managerial Positions," Central European Management Journal, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 241-257, 2023, doi: 10.1108/cemj-12-2021-0158.

[16] R. Vaquero‐Cristóbal et al., "Gender Equity in Sport From the Perspective of European Women Athletes and Sport Managers, Physical Education Teachers and Sport Coaches," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, 2024, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1419578.

[17] N. Hakimi et al., "Challenges and Opportunities of E-Learning for Women's Education in Developing Countries: Insights from Women Online University," EDUTREND: Journal of Emerging Issues and Trends in Education, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 57-69, 01/31 2024, doi: 10.59110/edutrend.310.

[18] A. Yatiningrum, "Influence of work discipline and training on the performance of social service employees, women's empowerment and child protection in Probolinggo," Digital Business: Tren Bisnis Masa Depan, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 87-91, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.cria.or.id/index.php/db/article/view/150.

[19] N. Kumar et al., "Intrahousehold Dynamics in South Asia: Understanding the Relationships Among Women’s Empowerment, Task Sharing, Women’s Decision Making, and Diets," 2025, doi: 10.1101/2025.01.08.25320196.

[20] F. Z. Meamar, S. Kohan, and M. Taebi, "Psychosexual Empowerment Strategies in Infertile Women: A Systematic Review," Journal of Education and Health Promotion, vol. 14, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1831_23.

[21] L. Ghazaghi, E. Kavyani, F. Malkian, and M. J. Karam Afrouz, "Analyzing the Attention Leadership Model in Female Education Managers," Journal of Strategic Studies on Women, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 22-52, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.jwss.ir/article_229199.html.

[22] S. Nofitri, M. R. Amirulloh, and R. H. Sampurna, "The Role of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (Dp3a) Sukabumi Regency in Overcoming Child Marriage Cases in Sukabumi District," Dia Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik, vol. 21, no. 02, pp. 273-282, 2023, doi: 10.30996/dia.v21i02.8014.